The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Criminal Law

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Camilo Serna

Abstract

The intersection between Artificial Intelligence (hereinafter AI) and criminal law raises a critical debate regarding its ethical and legal implications. While its ability to enhance judicial efficiency is evident, concerns arise regarding transparency, hallucinations, privacy, and algorithmic bias. Addressing these issues is essential to ensuring a fair and transparent legal system, especially given that AI is already used formally in institutions such as the Constitutional Court and the Attorney General’s Office, and informally by judges, magistrates, students, and users of the criminal justice system.
To understand the impact of AI on criminal law, it is necessary to define this technological tool, explore its potential, and study its origins and evolution to the present day. Furthermore, the ethical implications, limitations, risks, and dangers of its use must be considered. It is crucial to provide a realistic context for AI in order to understand how to transform it into an ally rather than oppose its implementation.

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